Immunology Serology

Positive results indicate the presence of hCG hormone, confirming pregnancy. The levels of hCG typically increase rapidly in early pregnancy.

• In cases of a suspected ectopic pregnancy or abnormal pregnancy, the hCG levels may be lower or rise at a slower rate.
• A negative result suggests the absence of detectable hCG hormone, indicating that pregnancy has not occurred or it is too early to detect.

A small amount of blood is usually collected through a finger prick or from a vein in the arm.

• The blood sample is then applied to the Typhidot test device, which contains specific antigens for Salmonella typhi.
• If the antibodies to Salmonella typhi are present in the blood, they will bind to the antigens on the test device, resulting in a visible line or color change.

• The VDRL Test is performed to screen for syphilis in individuals who may have been exposed to the infection.
• It is commonly included in routine prenatal testing to detect syphilis in pregnant women, as the infection can be transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy and lead to severe complications.
• The test is also used for diagnosing and monitoring the treatment of syphilis in individuals with symptoms or known exposure.